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GPCRs (G-protein coupled receptors) are a major subcategory of signaling pathways that play a crucial role in transmitting signals from outside the cell to within. These receptors are involved in a wide range of physiological processes including sensory perception, neurotransmission, hormonal regulation, and immune responses.

When a ligand binds to a GPCR, it causes a conformational change in the receptor that activates an associated G-protein. The activated G-protein then triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling events that ultimately lead to a specific cellular response.

GPCRs are a diverse family of proteins that can be classified into different subtypes based on their structure and function. Some examples of GPCR subtypes include rhodopsin-like, secretin-like, and metabotropic glutamate receptors.

Dysregulation of GPCR signaling pathways has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurological conditions. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying GPCR/G protein signaling is essential for the development of novel therapeutics targeted at these pathways.